The γδT cells have been known to play an important role in the regulation of the mucosal immune system, but the relationship between these cells and the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) has remained obscure. We now demonstrate the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vδ2 gene transcripts characterize antigenic immune response in the intestinal mucosa from patients with CD. TCR Vδ2 gene transcripts of six patients with CD and six controls were subcloned and 20 randomly selected clones from each sample were subjected to nucleotide sequencing. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the different clones in the intestinal mucosa of CD were significantly increased (11.833 ± 0.946) compared to controls (7.167 ± 1.470) (P = 0.0374). The presence of intraindividual dominance and oligoclonality of TCR Vδ2 gene transcripts in normal controls appears reflect positive selection and expansion of specific γδ T cells in normal controls. By contrast TCR Vδ2 gene transcripts in the intestinal mucosa of CD can express different clonotypes. We conclude that accumulation of multiple Vδ2⁺ γδ T-cell clonotypes are involved in the pathogenesis of CD.